PSYCHOSOCIAL ISSUES
Posted by admin on November 16th, 20091. Percentage of elderly persons in 1989 who lived alone and were below or near poverty level. (Source: US Senate Special Committee on Aging, the American As¬sociation of Retired Persons, the Federal Council on the Aging, and the US Administration on Aging, Aging America: Trends and Projections 1991 Edition, based on Bureau of the Census, 1990.)
Bereavement
The process of living alone usually begins when a spouse dies. Among both men and women, the mortality rate for a spouse left alone rises immediately. In the first week after the death of a spouse, the ex¬pected mortality rate doubles, and death usually results from ischemic heart disease. In the first 3 mo after the death of a spouse, the mortality rate increases 48% in men > 65 yr old and 22% in women > 65 yr old. Up to 10 yr after the death of a spouse, men have a higher rate of death than would be expected from infectious diseases, accidents, and sui¬cide. Physicians who provide health care to bereaved elderly persons need to be watchful and supportive. Referral to self-help groups, such as Widow-to-Widow, may be helpful. For frail elderly persons, social support and sources of interaction should be identified and access to vital services secured.

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